How to construct roof?

         ROOF:--

(1) A roof is the uppermost part of a building whose main function is to enclose the space and to protect the same from the effects of weather elements such as rain, wind, sun, heat and snow.   

(2) A good roof affords protection for the building itself and what the building contains and prevents deterioration starting from the top.

(3) A roof is part of a building envelope.

It  is made by:-

Asphalt Shingles are made of various materials such as wood, slate, flagstone, fibre cement, metal, plastic, and composite material such as asphalt shingles. Ceramic roof tiles, which still dominate in Europe and some parts of Asia, are still usually called tiles.

TYPES

CONSTRUCTION:-The construction of a roof is determined by its method of support and how the underneath space is bridged and whether or not the roof is pitched.

The pitch is the angle at which the roof rises from its lowest to highest point. Most US domestic architecture, except in very dry regions, has roofs that are sloped, or pitched. Although modern construction elements such as drainpipes may remove the need for pitch, roofs are pitched for reasons of tradition and aesthetics. So the pitch is partly dependent upon stylistic factors, and partially to do with practicalities.

Some types of roofing, for example thatch, require a steep pitch in order to be waterproof and durable. Other types of roofing, for example pantiles, are unstable on a steeply pitched roof but provide excellent weather protection at a relatively low angle. In regions where there is little rain, an almost flat roof with a slight run-off provides adequate protection against an occasional downpour. Drainpipes also remove the need for a sloping roof.

A person that specializes in roof construction is called a roofer.

The durability of a roof is a matter of concern because the roof is often the least accessible part of a building for purposes of repair and renewal, while its damage or destruction can have serious effects.

SUPPORT:-

The supporting structure of a roof usually comprises beams that are long and of strong, fairly rigid material such as timber, and since the mid-19th century, cast iron or steel. In countries that use bamboo extensively, the flexibility of the material causes a distinctive curving line to the roof, characteristic of Oriental architecture.

FUNCTION:-

1.INSULATION=The insulating properties of a roof are a consideration in its structure and the choice of roofing material. Poorly insulated and ventilated roofing can suffer from problems such as the formation of ice dams around the overhanging eaves in cold weather, causing water from melted snow on upper parts of the roof to penetrate the roofing material.

2.DRAINAGE=The primary job of most roofs is to keep out water. The large area of a roof repels a lot of water, which must be directed in some suitable way, so that it does not cause damage or inconvenience. The water repelled by the roof during a rainstorm is potentially damaging to the building that the roof protects. If it runs down the walls, it may seep into the mortar or through panels.

3.SOLAR ROOFS=Newer systems include solar shingles which generate electricity as well as cover the roof. There are also solar systems available that generate hot water or hot air and which can also act as a roof covering.

           > integration in the covering of pitched roofs, e.g. solar shingles.

         >mounting on an existing roof, e.g. solar panel on a tile roof.

         >integration in a flat roof membrane using heat welding, e.g. PVC.

         >mounting on a flat roof with a construction and additional weight to prevent uplift                             

             From wind.